ABSTRACT
Background: Mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya, and Japanese encephalitis are a major public health concern in developing nations including India. Objectives: The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and public participation in preventing such diseases in rural places of Karnataka. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 360 participants from Primary Health Centers in Vantmuri, Kinaye, and Handiganur Villages, under the Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. Questionnaire included questions regarding mosquito-borne diseases. Results: It was observed from the study that 67% of the participants were aware that mosquitoes transmit diseases. Most of them (35.27%) knew this information through hospitals and health personnel. 34.16% were aware of the fact that malaria and dengue are transmitted by mosquitoes whereas 27.32% were not aware. The major symptoms of mosquito-borne diseases such as fever, headache, and body ache were known to 20.27% people but 27.5% did not know any of them. 20.27% knew that stagnant water is a breeding place for mosquitoes, and only 3.6% people used municipal bins for waste disposal. 43.33% used household utensils to store water and 22.5% used open tanks. Only 65% people used coils for preventing mosquito bites. Cleaning of water bodies (28.33%) and stagnant water (20.55%) was done by a small population regularly. Conclusion: More awareness among public about the seriousness of various mosquito-borne diseases, symptoms, breeding places, and proper disposal of wastes is necessary. Public participation is required to control mosquito-borne diseases.
ABSTRACT
A WHO guideline is any document containing recommendations about health interventions, whether these are clinical, public health or policy recommendations. A recommendation provides information about what policy-makers, health-care providers or patients should do. It implies a choice between different interventions that have an impact on health and that have implications for the use of resources. The purpose of WHO guidelines is to improve the health and well-being of individuals and populations
ABSTRACT
Anaemia is a serious public health challenge in India with more than 50% prevalence across vulnerable groups such as pregnant women, infants, young children and adolescents. It has adverse effects on health, physical and mental productivity affecting quality of life. Guideline is any document containing recommendations about health interventions, whether these are clinical, public health or policy recommendations. The National Anemia Prevention and control guidelines have been developed taking cognizance of the current scientific evidence. The National Iron+ Initiative guidelines have been developed by the Adolescent Division of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India. Prevention and control of anaemia is one of the key strategies of the Health, Nutrition and Population Sector Programmes for reducing maternal, neonatal and childhood mortality and improving maternal, adolescent and childhood health status. It is estimated that anaemia causes 20 per cent of maternal deaths in India.